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Diocese of Amelia

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The Diocese of Amelia was a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in Italy which was founded, probably, in the fifth century. In 1983, it was united aeque principaliter with the diocese of Terni e Narni. In 1986, both Narni and Amelia were suppressed, and their territories united in the reorganized diocese of Terni-Narni-Amelia. It became a suffragan of the archdiocese of Spoleto.[1][2][3]

History

The ancient Amelia, or Ameria as it was called by both Greek and Latin sources, claimed to have been founded earlier than the Trojan War. Pliny the Elder, however, drawing on the work of Cato the Elder, attributes the foundation of Ameria to the Etruscan lucumo Ameroe.[4] It was a Roman municipium in Umbria, as Cicero expounded in his defense speech Pro Roscio Amerino (80 BC). There was a Roman highway called the Via Amerina, which connected the Via Flaminia at Falerii to Perugia, by way of Castello Amerina and Ameria.[5]

The Diocese of Amelia appears relatively late. Ferdinando Ughelli does mention a bishop Orthodolphus, whom he assigns to the year 344.[6] Giuseppe Cappelletti and Francesco Lanzoni, however, are doubtful of the very name.[7] Ughelli mentions also a bishop whom he names Stephen, of whom there is no trace in the evidence. Lanzoni is doubtful of his existence as well.[8]

Bishop Hilarius of Amelia was present at the synod held at Rome on 14 November 465, by Pope Hilary.[9] Bishop Salustius was present at a synod held in S. Peter's Basilica on 1 March 499 under Pope Symmachus.[10] According to Ughelli, in the fifth century there was a Bishop of Amelia by name Sincerus. The Bollandists, however, show that the date of his episcopate is uncertain; there is question even of his very existence.[11]

Lombards

The city of Amelia had some strategic importance during the eighth century. It was one of four towns (Amelia, Orte, Bomarzo, and Bieda) on the frontier between the Lombard kingdom of Pavia and the Duchy of Spoleto. Repeatedly drawn into the struggle between the Lombard power of Liutprand, who was allied with Charles Martel, in the centre of Italy, and the aggressive policy of the Iconoclast emperors of Byzantium, the towns were repeatedly forced to change masters.[12] To check the growing power of Liutprand, the popes, in particular of Gregory II (715–731) and Pope Gregory III (731–741), offered their support to Duke Transamund II of Spoleto, driven from his duchy to seek protection in Rome,[13] The price for papal support was the conquest of the four towns from Liutprand and their surrender to the Papacy.[14] In 740, with Transimund in exile, a temporary peace was patched up between Liutprand and Gregory III, which left Liutprand in control of the four towns.[15] Transamund failed in his mission, and was twice, in 738 and in 742,[16]

In February 742, the newly elected Pope Zacharias met King Liutprand at Terni, and agreed to a peace. Liutprand was requested to hand over the four towns to the Papacy, and he agreed to do so, apparently in the form of a gift from the king to S. Peter.[17]

The diocese of Amelia was directly subject to the Papacy, until 1983.[18]

Chapter and cathedral

The cathedral is dedicated to a Roman virgin Firmina, the daughter of a fictitious Prefect of the City of Rome called Calpurnius. She was martyred under Diocletian, and her body buried by one Honorius "not far from the 8th milestone from Ameria." Honorius also buried her near the sea in the town of Centumcellae. Her Passio is not earlier than the 6th century. Her remains, found in Amelia, were not discovered until the time of Pope Hadrian II (867–872) by Bishop Pasquale of Ameria.[19] There is a secondary dedication of the cathedral, to a S. Olympiades.[20]

The cathedral of Amelia was served and administered by an ecclesiastical body called the Chapter, consisting of three dignities, the Prior, the Archdeacon and the Provost, and twelve canons.[21] On 1 October 1265, Pope Clement IV had issued the bull "Dignum Est", in which he limited the number of canons in the cathedral chapter to twelve.[22]

Amelia Cathedral was the seat of the diocese until 1983; is now ranked as a co-cathedral of the Diocese of Terni-Narni-Amelia.

In the city of Amelia there were (in 1770) three parishes, in addition to the cathedral, eight houses of male religious, and six of female religious.[23]

In 1476, fleeing the plague in Rome, Pope Sixtus IV and six cardinals came to Amelia, where they stayed 20 days in the palace of the Geraldines.[24]

Synods

A diocesan synod was an irregularly held, but important, meeting of the bishop of a diocese and his clergy.[25] Its purpose was (1) to proclaim generally the various decrees already issued by the bishop; (2) to discuss and ratify measures on which the bishop chose to consult with his clergy; (3) to publish statutes and decrees of the diocesan synod, of the provincial synod, and of the Holy See.[26]

Bishop Antonio Maria Graziani (1592–1611) held a diocesan synod in 1595.[27] Another diocesan synod was held by Bishop Giovanni Battista Renzoli (1721–1743) on 8–9 April 1725.[28] Bishop Carlo Fabi (1785–1798) held a synod in 1792, and republished the synodal decrees and a "Life" of Bishop Graziani.[29]

Diocesan reorganization

On 13 September 1983, Franco Gualdrini, who had been Rector of the Collegium Capranicum in Rome, was appointed bishop of Terni, Narni and Amelia, aeque principaliter. The diocese of Amelia continued to exist intact, though its bishop was also the bishop of another diocese.[30]

The Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), in order to ensure that all Catholics received proper spiritual attention, decreed the reorganization of the diocesan structure of Italy and the consolidation of small and struggling dioceses. It also recommended the abolition of anomalous units such as exempt territorial prelatures.[31]

On 18 February 1984, the Vatican and the Italian State signed a new and revised concordat. Based on the revisions, a set of Normae was issued on 15 November 1984, which was accompanied in the next year, on 3 June 1985, by enabling legislation. According to the agreement, the practice of having one bishop govern two separate dioceses at the same time, aeque personaliter, as was the case with Salerno and Acerno, was to be abolished. Instead, the Vatican continued consultations which had begun under Pope John XXIII for the merging of small dioceses, especially those with personnel and financial problems, into one combined diocese.

On 27 September 1986, Pope John Paul II approved a decree, which was published by the Congregation of Bishops on 30 September 1986. The dioceses of Terni, Narni, and Ameria were united into one single diocese. Its seat was fixed at Terni, where its cathedral remained the cathedral of the united diocese. The former cathedrals at Narni and Ameria were given the honorary rank of co-cathedral. The name of the diocese was to be «Dioecesis Interamnensis-Narniensis-Amerina».[32]

Bishops of Amelia

Erected: 5th Century
Latin Name: Amerinus/a

To 1389

...
[Tiburtinus (466 ?) ][34]
[Martinianus (487) ][35]
  • Sallustius (499)[36]
...
...
  • Pasquale (868–879)[39]
...
...
  • Deusdedit (1015)[41]
...
  • Jacobus (1116)[42]
  • Gerardus (c. 1126 – after 1146)[43]
...
  • Petrus (c. 1179)[44]
...
  • Obertus (or Gibertus) (c. 1195)[45]
  • Jacobus (c. 1196–1217)[46]
  • Otho
  • Gualterus
  • Bartholomaeus (1264–1286)
  • Maurus, O.S.B. (1286–1321)[47]
  • Michael (1321)[48]
  • Alamannus de Galgano (1322–1327)[49]
  • Joannes Grocei (1327–1328)
  • Mannus (1328–1363)
  • Geraldus Roberti, O.F.M. (1363–1372/3)
  • Francesco (1373–1389)[50]

From 1390 to 1690

After 1690

  • Giuseppe Crispini (1690–1721)[62]
  • Giovan Battista Renzoli (16 Jul 1721 – Sep 1743)
  • Giacomo Filippo Consoli (1743–1770)[63]
  • Tommaso Struzzieri (10 Sep 1770 – 1775)[64]
  • Francesco Angelo Jacoboni (18 Dec 1775 – 30 Aug 1785)[65]
  • Carlo Fabi (26 Sep 1785 – 31 Mar 1798 Died)[66]
  • Francesco Maria Gazzoli (11 Aug 1800 – 23 Sep 1805 Appointed, Bishop of Todi)
  • Fortunato Maria Pinchetti (31 Mar 1806 – 17 Dec 1827 Resigned)
  • Vincenzo Macioti (23 Jun 1828 – 1 Feb 1836 Appointed, Bishop of Ferentino)
  • Mariano Brasca Bartocci (11 Jul 1836 – 12 Nov 1850 Resigned)
  • Salvatore Valentini (17 Feb 1851 – 2 Aug 1855 Died)
  • Nicola Pace (28 Sep 1855 – 6 May 1881 Resigned)
  • Eusebio Magner (13 May 1881 – 25 Sep 1882 Appointed, Bishop of Orvieto)
  • Eugenio Clari (25 Sep 1882 – 16 Jan 1893 Appointed, Bishop of Viterbo e Tuscania)
  • Vincenzo Giuseppe Veneri (16 Jan 1893 – 18 Mar 1906 Died)
  • Francesco Maria Berti (1907–1938 Resigned)[67]
  • Vincenzo Lojali (1938–1966)[68]
Sede vacante (1966–1983)
  • Giovanni Battista Dal Prà, Bishop of Narni e Terni (1966–1973), Apostolic Administrator
  • Bartolomeo Santo Quadri, Bishop of Narni e Terni (1973-1983), Apostolic Administrator

 

13 September 1983: united with the Diocese of Terni e Narni to form the Diocese of Terni, Narni, e Amelia
30 September 1986: diocese of Amelia suppresed

References

  1. ↑ Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Amelia" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  2. ↑ "Diocese of Amelia" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved February 29, 2016.[self-published source]
  3. ↑ "Diocese of Terni–Narni–Amelia" GCatholic.org. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved February 29, 2016.[self-published source]
  4. ↑ Fraikin, Dictionnaire..., p. 177. Pliny Naturalis Historia Book III, ch. 14.
  5. ↑ Paulys Real-encyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft (ed. Georg Wissowa) (in German) second edition (Stuttgart: Metzler 1894) Vol. 1, part 2, p. 1826.
  6. ↑ Italia Sacra, Vol. 1, 2nd ed. (Venice, 1722), p. 296.
  7. ↑ Cappelletti V, p. 196. Lanzoni, pp. 418-419.
  8. ↑ Lanzoni, p. 419.
  9. ↑ J.D. Mansi, Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima (in Latin), Vol. 7 (Florence: A. Zatta 1762), p. 959. Cappelletti V, p. 196.
  10. ↑ J.D. Mansi, Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima (in Latin), Vol. 8 (Florence: A. Zatta 1762), p. 235. Cappelletti V, p. 196.
  11. ↑ Acta Sanctorum,June, III, 17.
  12. ↑ Jan T. Hallenbeck, "The Roman-Byzantine Reconciliation of 728: Genesis and Significance," Byzantinische Zeitschrift 74 (1981): 29-41. Hallenbeck. Pavia and Rome (1982), pp. 39-40.
  13. ↑ Noble, pp. 43-44.
  14. ↑ Noble, p. 45.
  15. ↑ Noble, p. 48.
  16. ↑ Thomas F.X. Noble, The Republic of St. Peter: The Birth of the Papal State, 680–825 (Philadelphia: U Pennsylvania Press 1984), pp. 45-48, 52, 97. Catholic Encyclopedia article
  17. ↑ Hallenbeck. Pavia and Rome (1982), p. 40. Louis Duchesne, Le Liber Pontificalis (in Latin and French), Vol. 1 (Paris: Thorin 1886), pp. 427-428: "Cuius piis eloquiis flexus, in constantia sancti viri et ammonitione admiratus, omnia quaecumque ab eo petiit per gratia Spiritus sancti obtinuit , et praedictas IIII civitates quas ipse ante biennium per obsessione facta pro praedicto Trasimundo duce Spolitino abstulerat, eidem sancto cum eorum habitatoribus redonavit viro. Quas et per IX donationem firmavit in oratorio Salvatoris sito intro ecclesia beati Petri in eius nomine aedificato.... per donationis titulo ipso beato Petro apostolorum principi reconcessit; et pacem cum ducato Romano ipse rex in viginti confirmavit annos."
  18. ↑ Eubel I, pp. 85; 540; II, pp. 86, 281; III, pp 103, 348. Gauchat, pp. 81 note 1; 386. Ritzler & Sefrin V, pp. 81 note 1, 427. Ritzler & Sefrin VI, pp. 79 note 1, 456.
  19. ↑ Lanzoni, pp. 417-418. Ughelli I, p. 295.
  20. ↑ Ritzler & Sefrin VI, p. 79, note 1. Hagiographies of the two saints were published as an appendix in the acts of the synod of 1595, written by Bishop Graziano: Dioec. synodus Amerina ab Antonio Maria episcopo habita 1595 (Venice: Giovanni Antonio Rampazetto 1597).
  21. ↑ Ughelli I, p. 296. Cappelletti V, p. 209.
  22. ↑ Cappelletti V, p. 202.
  23. ↑ Ritzler & Sefrin VI, p. 79, note 1.
  24. ↑ Cappelletti V, p. 205.
  25. ↑ Michael Hayden & Malcolm R. Greenshields, Six Hundred Years of Reform: Bishops and the French Church, 1190-1789 (Kingston-Toronto-London-Ithaca: McGill-Queens UP 2005), pp. 24-25.
  26. ↑ Benedictus XIV (1842). "Lib. I. caput secundum. De Synodi Dioecesanae utilitate". Benedicti XIV ... De Synodo dioecesana libri tredecim (in Latina). Vol. Tomus primus. Mechlin: Hanicq. pp. 42–49. Archived from the original on 21 May 2024. Retrieved 2 June 2019. John Paul II, Constitutio Apostolica de Synodis Dioecesanis Agendis (19 March 1997): Acta Apostolicae Sedis 89 Archived 15 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine (1997), pp. 706-727.
  27. ↑ Dioecesana synodus amerina ab Antonio Maria Gratiani episcopo habita 1595. (in Latin). Venetiis, apud Joannem Antonium Rampazzettum, 1597.
  28. ↑ Synodus dioecesana amerina ab illustrissimo et reverendissimo D. D. Baptista Benzolio Dei, et apostolicae Sedis gratia episcopo amerino celebrata diebus 8 et 9 aprilis 1725. (in Latin), Hornae, apud Hieronymum Mainardi, 1725.
  29. ↑ Synodus dioecesana amerina ab Antonio Maria Gratiani episcopo habita 1595. Editio secunda cui accessit vita eiusdem. Appendix ad synodum amerinam ab Antonio Maria Gratiani episcopo habita anno MDCXCV a Carolo Maria Fabio eiusdem ecclesiae praesule edita anno MDCCXCII. Romae, typis et sumptibus Michaelis Angeli Barbiellini, 1792.
  30. ↑ Acta Apostolicae Sedis 75 (1983, p. 850: "die 13 Septembris. — Cathedralibus Ecclesiis Interamnensi, Narniensi et Amerinae, «aeque principaliter» unitis, R. D. Franciscum Gualdrini, e clero Faventino, rectorem Almi Collegii Capranicensis de Urbe."
  31. ↑ In its decree Christus Dominus, section 22, it stated: "Concerning diocesan boundaries, therefore, this sacred synod decrees that, to the extent required by the good of souls, a fitting revision of diocesan boundaries be undertaken prudently and as soon as possible. This can be done by dividing dismembering or uniting them, or by changing their boundaries, or by determining a better place for the episcopal see or, finally, especially in the case of dioceses having larger cities, by providing them with a new internal organization.... At the same time the natural population units of people, together with the civil jurisdictions and social institutions that compose their organic structure, should be preserved as far as possible as units. For this reason, obviously, the territory of each diocese should be continuous."
  32. ↑ Acta Apostolicae Sedis 79 (1987), pp. 721-723.
  33. ↑ Hilarius: Lanzoni, p. 419.
  34. ↑ Tiburtinus: Lanzoni, p. 419.
  35. ↑ Martinianus: Lanzoni, p. 419, notes that there is no support for this name.
  36. ↑ Sallustius: Lanzoni, p. 419.
  37. ↑ Bihop Adeodatus attended the Lateran Council of Pope Martin I (649–653) in October 649, in which Monotheletism was condemned. J.D. Mansi, Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima (in Latin), Vol. 10 (Florence: A. Zatta 1764), p. 866. Cappelletti V, p. 197.
  38. ↑ Bishop Theodorus was present at the Roman council of Pope Agatho on 27 March 680; he subscribed the synodical letter sent from Rome to the Third Council of Constantinople, and read at its 4th session. J.D. Mansi, Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima (in Latin), Vol. 11 (Florence: A. Zatta 1765), p. 314. Cappelletti V, p. 197.
  39. ↑ Pasquale: Lanzoni, p. 418.
  40. ↑ Andreas was papal datary in 972. Schwartz, p. 278.
  41. ↑ Bishop Deusdedit participated in the Lateran synod of 1015. Cappelletti V, p. 198. Schwartz, p. 279.
  42. ↑ Ughelli I, p. 298. Cappelletti V, p. 199. Schwartz, p. 279, has reservations.
  43. ↑ Gerardus was present at the consecration of the cathedral of Foligno in 1146. Cappelletti V, p. 199. Schwartz, p. 279.
  44. ↑ Bishop Petrus was present at the Third Lateran Council of Pope Alexander III in March 1179. J.D. Mansi, Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima (in Latin), Vol. 22 (Venice: A. Zatta 1778), p. 213. Cappelletti V, p. 199.
  45. ↑ Obertus: Cappelletti V, p. 200.
  46. ↑ Jacobus: Cappelletti V, pp. 200-201.
  47. ↑ When Bishop Bartholomaeus resigned, Pope Honorius IV appointed the Benedictine Maurus, the abbot of the monastery of Santa Prassede in Rome, on 23 August 1286. Eubel I, p. 85.
  48. ↑ Pope John XXII had previously reserved the right to appoint the next bishop of Amelia. Following the death of Bishop Maurus, he chose Canon Michael of the cathedral of Amelia on 24 July 1321. On 31 July he was granted the privilege of choosing any bishop he wanted for his consecration. Georges Mollat, Jean XXII. Lettres communes (in Latin), Vol. 3 (Paris: Fontemoing 1906), p. 328, no. 13871; p. 332, no. 13917. Eubel I, p. 85.
  49. ↑ Following the death of Bishop Michael, Pope John XXII appointed Alamannus, a native of Montefiascone, as bishop, on 8 January 1322. Bishop Alamannus was transferred to the diocese of Anagni on 20 March 1327. He died in 1330. Cappelletti V, p. 203. Georges Mollat, Jean XXII. Lettres communes (in Latin), Vol. 4 (Paris: Fontemoing 1906), p. 46, no. 14913. Eubel I, pp. 85, 87.
  50. ↑ Francesco was transferred to the diocese of Terni by Urban VI on 4 February 1389. He died in 1406. Eubel I, pp. 86, 285.
  51. ↑ Andrea Moriconi was appointed on 16 June 1410, by Pope John XXIII, who had been elected at Bologna on 17 May 1410. Eubel I, p. 86.
  52. ↑ Philippus: Eubel, Hierarchia catholica II, p. 86.
  53. ↑ A native of Amelia, Nacci, who held the title of master of theology, was appointed bishop of Amelia by Pope Eugenius IV on 14 January 1443. He died in 1444. Cappelletti V, p. 204. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica II, p. 86.
  54. ↑ Mandosi had been Prior of the cathedral Chapter of Amelia. He was appointed bishop by Pope Eugenius IV on 6 November 1444, and served for 40 years. Cappelletti V, p. 204-205. Eubel II, p. 86.
  55. ↑ Graziani was a native of Borgo San Sepolcro (Tuscany). He was appointed bishop of Amelia on 17 February 1592 by Pope Clement VIII. He held a diocesan synod. He was papal Nuncio in Venice from 23 February 1596 to 8 October 1598. He died on 1 April 1611. "Vita Antonii Mariae Gratiani," (in Latin and Italian), in Antonio-Maria Graziani, De scriptis invita Minerva ad Aloysium fratrem libri XX, (ed. cum adnotationibus Hieronymi Lagomarsini) Vol. 1 (Florence: Ad insigne Apollinis 1745), pp. xxix–lviii. Cappelletti V, p. 208. Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 81 with note 2.
  56. ↑ Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 81 with note 3.
  57. ↑ On 2 Oct 1623, Cennini was appointed, Bishop of Faenza, by Pope Paul V (Borghese). Gauchat IV, p. 81 with note 4.
  58. ↑ Pichi: Gauchat IV, p. 81 with note 5.
  59. ↑ Perotti: Gauchat IV, p. 81 with note 6.
  60. ↑ Poli: Gauchat IV, p. 81 with note 7.
  61. ↑ "Bishop Giovanni Battista Antici" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved August 21, 2016
  62. ↑ Born in the village of Rocca Guglielma (diocese of Aquino), Crispini held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure (JUD) from the Sapienza, Rome (1667), and was a protonotary apostolic. He had been Bishop of Bisceglie (1685–1690). He was appointed bishop of Amelia on 13 November 1690, by Pope Innocent XII. He died on 12 May 1721. Cappelletti V, p. 209. Ritzler & Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica V, pp. 81 with note 4; 415 with note 3.
  63. ↑ Consoli was born in Visso in the diocese of Spoleto, and held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure (JUD) (Macerata, 1721). He had been titular bishop of Germanicopolis (Isauria, Turkey) and named Administrator of the diocese of Aquapendente ((1741–1743). He was named bishop of Amelia on 2 December 1743, by Pope Benedict XIV. He died in July 1770. Ritzler & Sefrin VI, p. 79 with note 2; 92; 224 with note 2.
  64. ↑ On 18 Dec 1775, Struzzieri was appointed Bishop of Todi by Pope Pius VI. Ritzler & Sefrin VI, p. 79 with note 3.
  65. ↑ Jacoboni: Ritzler & Sefrin VI, p. 79 with note 4.
  66. ↑ Fabi: Ritzler & Sefrin VI, p. 79 with note 5.
  67. ↑ Berti was appointed on 31 August 1907, by Pope Pius X. He resigned at the age of 70 on 1 July 1938. Pięta, Hierarchia catholica IX, p. 51.
  68. ↑ Lojali had been Provost and canon of the cathedral Chapter of Amelia. He was named bishop of Amelia by Pope Pius XI on 17 August 1938. He died on 14 March 1966. Acta Apostolicae Sedis 30 (1938), p. 267: "Cathedrali Ecclesiae Amerinae R. D. Vincentium Lojali, Cubicularium intimum supra numerum, Canonicum Praepositum Capituli Cathedralis Amerini." AAS 58 (1966), p. 256.

Sources

Lists of bishops

Studies

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