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Ford–GM 10-speed automatic transmission

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Ford 10R 60 · 10R 80 · 10R 140
GM 10L 80 · 10L 90 GM 10L 1000 (Allison)
Overview
ManufacturerFord · General Motors
Production2017–present
Body and chassis
Class10-speed longitudinal automatic transmission
RelatedZF 8HP · MB 9G-Tronic
Chronology
PredecessorFord 6R 60 · 6R 80 · 6R 140
GM 8L 45 · 8L 90

The Ford–GM 10-speed automatic transmission is part of a joint venture between Ford Motor Company and General Motors to design and engineer two transmissions: a longitudinal 10-speed transmission and a transverse 9-speed trans-axle. Each company manufactures its own unique version of the transmissions in its own factories.[1][2] The 10-speed transmission was designed by Ford, while the 9-speed transmission was designed by GM.[3][4]

Key data

Gear ratios[a]
Model First
Deliv-
ery 		Gear Total Span Avg.
Step 		Components Nomenclature
R 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Nomi-
nal 		Effec-
tive 		Cen-
ter 		Total per
Gear[b] 		Gears
Count 		Instal-
lation 		Maximum
Input Torque
Ford 10R 80
GM 10L 80
GM 10L 90 		2017
2017
2018 		−4.866 4.696 2.985 2.146 1.769 1.520 1.275 1.000 0.854 0.689 0.636 7.386 7.386 1.728 1.249 4
Gearsets
2
Brakes
3
Clutches 		1.000 10[b] L[c]
R[d] 		800 N⋅m (590 lb⋅ft)
900 N⋅m (664 lb⋅ft)
Ford 10R 140 2020 −4.695 4.615 2.919 2.132 1.773 1.519 1.277 1.000 0.851 0.687 0.632 7.299 7.299 1.708 1.247 1,400 N⋅m (1,033 lb⋅ft)
GM 10L 1000
(Allison) 		2020 −4.545 4.538 2.868 2.061 1.715 1.482 1.258 1.000 0.851 0.688 0.632 7.182 7.182 1.694 1.245 1,400 N⋅m (1,033 lb⋅ft)
Ford 10R 60 2020 −4.885 4.714 2.997 2.149 1.769 1.521 1.275 1.000 0.853 0.689 0.636 7.416 7.416 1.731 1.249 600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft)
  1. ↑ Differences in gear ratios have a measurable, direct impact on vehicle dynamics, performance, waste emissions as well as fuel mileage
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Forward gears only
  3. ↑ Longitudinal engine
  4. ↑ Rear-wheel drive or four-wheel drive

History

The 10R 80 was first produced at the Ford Livonia Transmission Plant in Livonia, Michigan, and the Hydra-Matic 10L 80 is made at the General Motors Romulus Powertrain Plant, in Romulus, Michigan.[5] GM's Silao, Mexico, transmission plant started 10L 80 production in 2018,[6] while Ford's Sharonville Transmission plant started 10R 80 production in 2018.[7]

Lawsuits

At least five class action lawsuits have been filed regarding vehicles equipped with Ford's 10R 80 transmission.[8][9][10][11][12] Several have since been consolidated to a single case being heard in Illinois.[11] The lawsuits allege safety issues due to harsh and erratic shifting, which causes jerking, lunging, clunking and hesitation between gears.[13][11] At least one case also cites sudden loss of power due to transmission issues.[13] It is also alleged that Ford is aware of these issues and re-designed the CDF hub inner sleeve along with publishing several TSBs related to the concern.

McCabe v. Ford Motor Company cites 38 different NHTSA complaints regarding the 10R 80 transmission. The complaints encompass the 2019–2022 Ford Ranger, 2018–2021 Ford Expedition, 2018–2022 Ford Mustang, 2018–2021 Lincoln Navigator, and 2021 Ford F-150.[13]

Some of the lawsuits have been dismissed or partially dismissed.[14][15] As of October 2023, at least one of these lawsuits is still ongoing.

Applications

Variants and applications
Model Car Model[a]
Ford
10R 60
10R 80 MHT
10R 80
10R 100
10R 140
General Motors[16]
10L 60
10L 80 MF6
10L 90 MX0
10L 1000 (Allison) MGM · MGU
  1. ↑ w/o any claim of completeness
  2. ↑ except 2018–2020 3.3L V6
  3. ↑ except V6 and 4-cylinder models, which use the 6L 80 and 8L 90 respectively

References

  1. ↑ "Ford and GM finally consummate 9- and 10-speed joint development - SAE International". articles.sae.org. Archived from the original on March 25, 2018. Retrieved March 24, 2018.
  2. ↑ "Timur Apakidze · Exclusive: An Inside Look At Ford's New 10 Speed Transmission". TTAC · The Truth About Cars. December 1, 2014. Retrieved March 24, 2018.
  3. ↑ Martinez, Michael (April 20, 2018). "No thanks, Ford says to 9-speed offered by GM". Automotive News. Retrieved July 8, 2019.
  4. ↑ Tracy, David (April 23, 2018). "Why Ford Isn't Using GM's Nine-Speed Automatic Transmission". Jalopnik. Retrieved July 8, 2019.
  5. ↑ "Ford 10R80 and GM 10L80 10 Speed Transmission Specs and Gear Ratios". www.dieselhub.com. Retrieved July 15, 2026.
  6. ↑ Esposito, Anthony; White, Joseph (January 15, 2018). "Game of chicken: GM bets on Mexican-made pickup trucks". Reuters. Archived from the original on November 15, 2022. Retrieved July 15, 2026.
  7. ↑ "New Programs Update May 2017". @FordOnline. Ford. Archived from the original on November 23, 2018. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
  8. ↑ "COMPLAINT" (PDF), SMITH v. FORD MOTOR COMPANY (Court Filing), no. 5:20-cv-00211, Document 1, N.D.C.A., January 10, 2020, retrieved July 14, 2026 – via RECAP (PACER current docket viewPaid subscription required)
  9. ↑ "COMPLAINT" (PDF), MCCABE v. FORD MOTOR COMPANY (Court Filing), no. 1:23-cv-10829, Document 1, D.M.A., April 18, 2023, retrieved July 14, 2026 – via RECAP (PACER current docket viewPaid subscription required)
  10. ↑ "Memorandum" (PDF), ORNDORFF v. FORD MOTOR COMPANY (Court Filing), no. 2:20-cv-00247, Document 13, E.D.P.A., January 14, 2020, retrieved July 14, 2026 – via RECAP
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 "O'Connor v. Ford Motor Co. 683 F. Supp. 3d 793 (N.D. Ill. 2023)". app.minerva26.com. July 20, 2023. Retrieved July 15, 2026.
  12. ↑ "FIRST AMENDED Complaint" (PDF), O'CONNOR v. FORD MOTOR COMPANY (Court Filing), no. 1:19-cv-05045, Document 7, N.D.I.L., August 8, 2019, retrieved July 14, 2026 – via RECAP (PACER current docket viewPaid subscription required)
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 McCabe v. Ford Motor Company. Case 1:23-cv-10829, Document 1 Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  14. ↑ Foote, Brett (November 17, 2020). "FORD F-150 10R 80 TRANSMISSION LAWSUIT DISMISSED IN ILLINOIS SUPREME COURT". Ford Authority. Retrieved October 27, 2023.
  15. ↑ Foote, Brett (November 8, 2021). "FORD F-150 10R80 TRANSMISSION LAWSUIT SURVIVES PARTIAL DISMISSAL". Ford Authority.
  16. ↑ "GM Global Propulsion Systems – USA Information Guide Model Year 2018" (PDF). General Motors Powertrain. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 7, 2019. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
  17. ↑ 2016+ Camaro Transmission
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