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Olbia

Coordinates: 40°55′N 09°30′E / 40.917°N 9.500°E / 40.917; 9.500
From Tilcayo Cats, the lean encyclopaedia by Tilcayo Knowledge Systems
For other places with the same name, see Olbia (disambiguation).
"Terranuova" redirects here. For other uses, see Terra Nova (disambiguation) and Terranuova Bracciolini.
Olbia
Terranoa (Sardinian)
Tarranoa (Gallurese)
Comune
Comune di Olbia
Location within Sardinia
Coordinates: 40°55′N 09°30′E / 40.917°N 9.500°E / 40.917; 9.500
CountryItaly
RegionSardinia
ProvinceGallura North-East Sardinia
FrazioniBerchiddeddu, Murta Maria, Pittulongu, Rudalza-Porto Rotondo, San Pantaleo
Government
 • MayorSettimo Nizzi
Area
[1]
 • Total
383.64 km2 (148.12 sq mi)
Population
 (2026)[2]
 • Total
61,739
 • Density160.93/km2 (416.81/sq mi)
DemonymOlbiesi
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
07026
Dialing code0789
Patron saintSt. Simplicius
Saint dayMay 15
WebsiteOfficial website

Olbia (Italian: [ˈɔlbja] Audio file "It-Olbia.ogg" not found,[3][4] locally [ˈolbja]; Sardinian: Terranoa; Gallurese: Tarranoa)[5] is a city and comune (municipality), which along with Tempio Pausania is a co-capital of the Province of Gallura North-East Sardinia in the autonomous island region of Sardinia in Italy, in the historical region of Gallura. It has 61,739 inhabitants.[2]

Name

Called Olbia in the Roman age, Civita in the Middle Ages (Judicates period) and Terranova Pausania until the 1940s, Olbia has again been the official name of the city since the fascist period.

History

Although the name is of Greek origin, due to the Greek presence during the seventh century B.C., the city of Olbia was first settled either by the Nuragics[6] or by Phoenicians, according to the archaeological findings. It contains ruins from the Nuragic era to the Roman era, when it was an important port, and the Middle Ages, when it was the capital of the Giudicato of Gallura, one of the four independent states of Sardinia. During the First Punic War, the Romans fought against the Carthaginians and the Sardinians near Olbia, where the general Hanno died in battle.[citation needed]

From 1113 it was the episcopal see of the Diocese of Cività (succeeding to the Diocese of Gallura, the 1070 restoration of the Diocese of Fausania, c. 500–750), which was renamed in 1839 as Diocese of Civita–Tempio until its formal suppression in favor of (in fact merger into) the Diocese of Tempio–Ampurias (also integrating the Diocese of Ampurias, which was in personal union with the see of Civita from 1506).[citation needed]

Geography

It is the economic centre of this part of the island (commercial centres, food industry) and is very close to the Costa Smeralda tourist area. It was one of the administrative capitals of the province of Olbia-Tempio, operative since 2005 and canceled after a referendum seven years later. Olbia is a tourist destination thanks to its sea and beaches and also for the large number of places of cultural interest to visit.

Climate

Olbia has a Mediterranean climate (Csa), with mild winters, warm springs and autumns and hot summers.

Climate data for Olbia, Sardinia (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 25.1
(77.2) 		24.5
(76.1) 		28.0
(82.4) 		27.8
(82.0) 		35.0
(95.0) 		39.9
(103.8) 		47.4
(117.3) 		41.0
(105.8) 		38.3
(100.9) 		33.3
(91.9) 		29.0
(84.2) 		24.0
(75.2) 		47.4
(117.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 13.7
(56.7) 		14.2
(57.6) 		16.3
(61.3) 		18.7
(65.7) 		23.3
(73.9) 		27.9
(82.2) 		31.3
(88.3) 		31.3
(88.3) 		27.4
(81.3) 		23.2
(73.8) 		18.0
(64.4) 		14.7
(58.5) 		21.7
(71.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) 9.5
(49.1) 		9.6
(49.3) 		11.5
(52.7) 		13.6
(56.5) 		17.7
(63.9) 		22.0
(71.6) 		25.3
(77.5) 		25.4
(77.7) 		21.8
(71.2) 		18.1
(64.6) 		13.5
(56.3) 		10.6
(51.1) 		16.6
(61.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 5.3
(41.5) 		5.1
(41.2) 		6.6
(43.9) 		8.4
(47.1) 		12.0
(53.6) 		16.1
(61.0) 		19.3
(66.7) 		19.4
(66.9) 		16.3
(61.3) 		13.0
(55.4) 		9.1
(48.4) 		6.5
(43.7) 		11.4
(52.6)
Record low °C (°F) −3.6
(25.5) 		−3.0
(26.6) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		−1.0
(30.2) 		3.9
(39.0) 		7.0
(44.6) 		12.0
(53.6) 		10.0
(50.0) 		8.9
(48.0) 		4.0
(39.2) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		−4.2
(24.4) 		−4.2
(24.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 47.3
(1.86) 		72.6
(2.86) 		63.4
(2.50) 		56.1
(2.21) 		37.4
(1.47) 		18.4
(0.72) 		6.4
(0.25) 		28.1
(1.11) 		40.8
(1.61) 		58.4
(2.30) 		55.6
(2.19) 		97.9
(3.85) 		582.4
(22.93)
Average precipitation days 7 8 8 8 4 3 1 3 5 5 6 9 67
Average relative humidity (%) 70 69 65 66 66 58 60 63 67 65 72 72 66
Mean monthly sunshine hours 127 138 186 213 279 312 360 316 249 195 138 118 2,631
Source 1: Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale[7]
Source 2: Aeronautica Militare [8][9]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18613,042—    
18713,393+11.5%
18814,073+20.0%
19015,487+34.7%
19117,123+29.8%
19218,045+12.9%
193110,860+35.0%
193611,377+4.8%
195114,601+28.3%
196117,727+21.4%
197124,290+37.0%
198130,787+26.7%
199141,095+33.5%
200145,366+10.4%
201153,307+17.5%
202160,711+13.9%
Source: ISTAT[10][11]

As of 2026, the population is 61,739, of which 49.5% are male, and 50.5% are female. Minors make up 14.8% of the population, and seniors make up 20.6%.[2]

Immigration

As of 2025, immigrants make up 12.0% of the total population. The 5 largest foreign countries of birth are Romania, Senegal, Argentina, Morocco, and Germany.[12]

Foreign population by country of birth (2025)[13]
Country of birth Population
File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania 2,023
File:Flag of Senegal.svg Senegal 456
File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina 394
File:Flag of Morocco.svg Morocco 379
File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany 323
File:Flag of France.svg France 313
File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania 304
File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland 264
File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine 243
File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan 220
File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland 185
File:Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil 146
File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China 142
File:Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt 126
File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium 123

Main sights

Sport

Olbia Calcio 1905 represents Olbia in Serie D, the fourth division of Italian football. Olbia hosted several legs of Aquabike World Championship (powerboating) in 2003, 2004, 2018, 2019.

Transport

Olbia is one of the main connections between Sardinia and the Italian peninsula, with an airport (Olbia – Costa Smeralda), a passenger port (Olbia-Isola Bianca), and a railway from Olbia railway station to Porto Torres, Golfo Aranci and Cagliari. There is an expressway to Nuoro and Cagliari (SS131) and national roads to Sassari (SS199-E840), Tempio Pausania (SS127) and Palau (SS125).

Further information: Venafiorita Airport

Local transport

The internal city public transport and bus connections with the surrounding areas are provided by the ASPO[14] (Olbia's public service company), while vehicle connections with the other centers of the territory are provided by the ARST[15] (Sardinian regional transport company). Other private carriers operate with lines under concession.

Hospitals

The major hospitals in the area are:

References

  1. ↑ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011" (in italiano). ISTAT.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Resident population". ISTAT.
  3. ↑ Migliorini, Bruno; Tagliavini, Carlo; Fiorelli, Piero; Borri, Tommaso Francesco, eds. (2010) [1969]. "Olbia". Dizionario d'Ortografia e di Pronunzia della lingua italiana (in italiano). Rome: Rai Eri. ISBN 978-88-397-1478-7.
  4. ↑ Canepari, Luciano. "Dizionario di pronuncia italiana online". dipionline.it. Archived from the original on 9 October 2018. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
  5. ↑ Olbia e la sua storia: arrivata la cartellonistica con i toponimi storici – Olbia.it.
  6. ↑ Pittau, Massimo (2007). Storia dei sardi nuragici (in Italian). Selargius: Domus de janas. ISBN 978-88-88569-39-0. OCLC 876584347. Noi respingiamo con decisione la tesi sostenuta di recente da qualcuno secondo cui Olbia sarebbe stata fondata dai Cartaginesi nel 350 a.C., e sosteniamo invece che non si possa dubitare per nulla del fatto che il sito di Olbia fosse stato occupato in epoca molto più antica dai Nuragici. Lo dimostra all'evidenza innanzitutto il fatto che tutto il retroterra olbiese è risultato ricco di monumenti e reperti nuragici – si pensi al pozzo sacro di 'Sa Testa' ed inoltre al santuario fortificato di 'Cabu Abbas'-, in secondo luogo la circostanza che ai Nuragici non poteva sfuggire l'importanza enorme della baia di Olbia come insenatura difesa dai venti e quindi adattissima alla pesca, all'estrazione del sale ed alla navigazione.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  7. ↑ "Valori climatici normali di temperatura e precipitazione in Italia" (PDF). Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale. Retrieved 26 November 2024.
  8. ↑ "Climate Statistics for Olbia, Sardinia". Retrieved 29 March 2013.
  9. ↑ "16531: Olbia / Costa Smeralda (Italy)". ogimet.com. OGIMET. 24 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  10. ↑ "Popolazione residente dei comuni. Censimenti dal 1861 al 1991" [Resident population of the municipalities. Censuses from 1861 to 1991] (PDF) (in italiano). ISTAT. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2025-11-12.
  11. ↑ "Resident population - Time series". ISTAT.
  12. ↑ "Resident population by sex, municipality and citizenship". ISTAT.
  13. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named foreignborn2
  14. ↑ "ASPO Trasporto Pubblico Olbia". ASPO. Retrieved 2020-11-13.
  15. ↑ "ARST - - Home". www.arst.sardegna.it. Retrieved 2020-11-13.
  16. ↑ "ASSL Olbia - Servizi al cittadino - Ospedali - Giovanni Paolo II". www.aslolbia.it. Retrieved 2020-11-13.
  17. ↑ "ASSL Olbia - Servizi al cittadino - Ospedali - Paolo Dettori". www.aslolbia.it. Retrieved 2020-11-13.
  18. ↑ "ASSL Olbia - Servizi al cittadino - Ospedali - Paolo Merlo". www.aslolbia.it. Retrieved 2020-11-13.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Olbia.
  • Wikivoyage logo Olbia travel guide from Wikivoyage
  • Official website (in Italian)
  • City of Olbia
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