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Outline of the Mexican American War

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Mexican–American War
Part of the Manifest destiny
DateApril 25, 1846 – February 2, 1848 (1846-04-25 – 1848-02-02)
(1 year, 9 months, 1 week and 1 day)
Location
Texas, New Mexico, California; Northern, Central, and Eastern Mexico; Mexico City
Result
  • American victory[1]
Territorial
changes

Mexican Cession

This is a Wikipedia topical outline of articles about the Mexican American War.[a]

The Mexican–American War (April 25, 1846 – February 2, 1848), known in Mexico as the United States intervention in Mexico, was an invasion of Mexico by the United States. It followed the 1845 American annexation of Texas, which Mexico still claimed as its territory, and a dispute over the border: Texas and the U.S. asserted the Rio Grande, Mexico the more northerly Nueces River. President James K. Polk, elected in 1844 on a platform of territorial expansion, offered $25 million for the disputed land and California; Mexico refused. He then sent troops into the disputed territory, where Mexican forces repelled them on April 25, 1846, giving Polk grounds to obtain a declaration of war from Congress.

U.S. forces occupied Santa Fe de Nuevo México and Alta California, the Pacific Squadron blockaded Mexico's Pacific coast, and Major General Winfield Scott landed at Veracruz and captured Mexico City in September 1847. The 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, negotiated by Nicholas Trist after Polk had recalled him, ended the war: Mexico ceded the territory of present-day California, Nevada, and Utah and parts of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Wyoming, gave up its claims on Texas, and accepted the Rio Grande as its northern border with the United States, while the U.S. paid $15 million and assumed $3.25 million of Mexican debt to U.S. citizens. The acquisitions intensified the American debate over slavery and are seen by some scholars as a step toward the American Civil War, in which many officers who had gained experience in Mexico later held prominent commands. Mexico was left with heavy casualties, ruined finances, political turmoil, lost prestige, and the loss of more than half its territory.

Overview

Legislation

  • Spot Resolutions - (22 December 1847) - Abraham Lincoln's challenge to the war's justification.
  • Wilmot Proviso - (1846) - failed proposal to bar slavery from conquered territory.

Treaties of the Mexican–American War

Military operations

Campaigns

Main article: Mexican–American War campaigns

Texas Campaign

Mexico City Campaign

New Mexico and Arizona campaign

Taos Revolt

California Campaign

Pacific Coast Campaign

Mosquito Fleet Campaign

Battles of the Mexican–American War

Main article: List of battles of the Mexican–American War

Battles in the Northern Mexican Theater

Battles in New Mexico

Battles of the Taos Revolt

Battles in Arizona

Battles in California

Battle for Mexico City

Sieges of the Mexican–American War

People

United States civilians

United States military personnel

Mormon Battalion

People involved in the Conquest of California

Americans involved in the Bear Flag Revolt

Commanders of the California Republic

United States military governors of California

Chaplains

United States Navy personnel

Individuals involved in the Taos Revolt

Mexican civilians

Mexican military personnel

Mexican individuals involved in the Bear Flag Revolt

Organizations

Units

Mormon Battalion

Warships of the United States

Places

Forts

Memorials and historic sites

Equipment

Cultural

Books

Non-fiction

Fiction

Films

Miscellaneous

See also

Further reading

Main articles: Bibliography of the Mexican American War and Bibliography of James K. Polk

References

Notes

  1. ↑ Including the Bear Flag Revolt and the Conquest of California.

Citations

  1. ↑ Cataliotti, Joseph (21 November 2023). "Mexican–American War | History, Causes & Results". study.com. Archived from the original on 22 April 2024. Retrieved 22 April 2024. The war was a decisive victory for the US, which secured the northern half of Mexico as a result of the conflict.
  2. ↑ Schroeder, John H. (1989). "So Far from God: The U.S. War with Mexico, 1846-1848". Journal of the Early Republic. 9 (4): 576. JSTOR 3123771.
  3. ↑ Richmond, Douglas W. (1990). "So Far from God: The U.S. War with Mexico, 1846-1848". The Journal of Southern History. 56 (4): 749. JSTOR 2210953.
  4. ↑ Cullinane, M. P. (2013). "A Wicked War: Polk, Clay, Lincoln, and the 1846 U.S. Invasion of Mexico". The American Historical Review. 118 (3): 853–854. doi:10.1093/ahr/118.3.853.
  5. ↑ Mason, Matthew (2016). "A Wicked War: Polk, Clay, Lincoln, and the 1846 U.S. Invasion of Mexico". Journal of the Early Republic. 36 (2): 428–431. doi:10.1353/jer.2016.0035.
  6. ↑ Diaz, Maria Angela (2018). "The Dead March: A History of the Mexican-American War". The Journal of the Civil War Era. 8 (3): 526–528. doi:10.1353/cwe.2018.0054.
  7. ↑ Murphy, Douglas (2018). "The Dead March: A History of the Mexican-American War". Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos. 34 (1): 126–128. doi:10.1525/msem.2018.34.1.126.
  8. ↑ Jaede, Mark G. (2009). "A Glorious Defeat: Mexico and Its War with the United States". Journal of the Early Republic. 29 (1): 154–156. doi:10.1353/jer.0.0060.
  9. ↑ Haynes, Sam W. (2009). "A Glorious Defeat: Mexico and Its War with the United States". Hispanic American Historical Review. 89 (2): 386–387. doi:10.1215/00182168-2008-122.
  10. ↑ Silbey, Joel H. (2012). "A Country of Vast Designs: James K. Polk, the Mexican War and the Conquest of the American Continent". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 42 (2): 412–414. doi:10.1111/j.1741-5705.2012.03977.x.
  11. ↑ McGowan, Brian M. (2011). "A Country of Vast Designs: James K. Polk, the Mexican War and the Conquest of the American Continent". The Historian. 73 (3): 570–571. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6563.2011.00301_17.x.
  12. ↑ Bon, Cristina (2012). "A Country of Vast Designs: James K. Polk, the Mexican War and the Conquest of the American Continent". American Nineteenth Century History. 13 (2): 273–274. doi:10.1080/14664658.2012.720080.

Battlefields and historic sites

Museums in Mexico

Collections and archives

  • A Continent Divided: The U.S.–Mexico War – University of Texas at Arlington Libraries; digitized letters, diaries, proclamations, maps and prints
  • Mexican War digital collections – Library of Congress; includes the Polk, Taylor, Grant, McClellan and Lincoln papers, printed ephemera, and Chronicling America
  • Mexican War records – National Archives; compiled service records, pension files, and returns of killed and wounded
  • Mexican War – VMI Archives; Robert E. Lee's 1846–47 military maps and alumni service records
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