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Rotruda (daughter of Lothair I)

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Rotruda[1] (also Rotrude,[2] Ruotrud[3] or Rotrudis)[4] was the daughter of the Emperor Lothair I and Empress Ermengarde. She was baptized sometime between 837 and 839.[5] An account of her baptism is provided by a participant, Andreas Agnellus, who assisted Archbishop George of Ravenna.[6] According to him, George paid Lothair for the privilege of sponsoring Rotruda as godfather at her baptism and becoming Lothair's compater, a spiritual co-father connected to the emperor by reciprocal obligations.[7][8] The ceremony took place in San Michele Maggiore in Pavia and the baptismal vestments were purchased from the royal palace [it].[9] Agnellus describes how George

received the daughter of the said emperor, by the name of Rotruda, whom he handed to me, and with my hands I clothed her and decorated her feet with shoes ornate with gold and jacinth, and afterward he celebrated mass for the emperor. Likewise, the Empress Ermengard, attended by her maids, wearing a shining robe, surrounded by a gold fringe, hair bound with fillets, with blue gems, her face veiled, her appearance dripping with sard, emeralds, and gold.[9]

According to Deborah Deliyannis, nothing else is known of Rotruda beyond what Agnellus writes.[10] She is not mentioned in any other narrative source.[11] She may be the Rotruda listed with other women of Lothair II's family in the Liber memorialis of Remiremont sometime after 861. She would have been Lothair II's sister.[2] In 889, the Emperor Arnulf made a donation to the abbey of Saint-Arnould at the request of his relative, Rotruda, and a certain Otto. This may be Lothair I's daughter and Otto her husband.[12] According to another theory, she was the mother of Count Witbert, who in 870 made a donation to the abbey of Saint-Philibert de Tournus for the souls of his parents, Lambert and Rotrudis. The former has been identified as Count Lambert III of Nantes.[13]

References

  1. ↑ This is the spelling in Agnellus, quoted in Schoolman 2022, p. 118.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 West 2023.
  3. ↑ Martínez Pizarro 1995, p. 16.
  4. ↑ Bouchard 2001, p. 102.
  5. ↑ Deliyannis 2004, pp. 11–12.
  6. ↑ Schoolman 2022, pp. 119–120.
  7. ↑ Deliyannis 2004, pp. 298–299.
  8. ↑ Brown 2020, p. 193.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Deliyannis 2004, p. 299.
  10. ↑ Deliyannis 2004, p. 299 n6.
  11. ↑ Schoolman 2022, p. 120.
  12. ↑ Gaillard 2003, p. 87.
  13. ↑ Schoolman 2022, p. 120, and Mathieu 2007, p. 583, citing Hlawitschka 1969.

Bibliography

  • Bouchard, Constance B. (2001). Those of My Blood: Creating Noble Families in Medieval Francia. University of Pennsylvania Press.
  • Brown, Tom (2020). "A Byzantine Cuckoo in the Frankish Nest? The Exarchate of Ravenna and the Kingdom of Italy in the Long Ninth Century". In Clemens Gantner; Walter Pohl (eds.). After Charlemagne: Carolingian Italy and its Rulers. Cambridge University Press. pp. 185–197.
  • Deliyannis, Deborah Mauskopf, ed. (2004). Agnellus of Ravenna: The Book of the Pontiffs of the Church of Ravenna. The Catholic University of America Press.
  • Gaillard, Michèle (2003). "Monastères et pouvoirs à travers les actes en Haute-Lotharingie au IXe siècle et au début du Xe siècle". Les actes comme expression du pouvoir au Haut Moyen Âge: Actes de la Table Ronde de Nancy, 26–27 novembre 1999. Brepols. pp. 69–97.
  • Hlawitschka, Eduard (1969). "Waren die Kaiser Wido und Lambert Nachkommen Karls des Grosses?". Quellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archiven. 49: 366–388.
  • Martínez Pizarro, Joaquín (1995). Writing Ravenna: The Liber Pontificalis of Andreas Agnellus. University of Michigan Press.
  • Mathieu, Jean-Noël (2007). "Recherches sur Ermengarde, mère de Guillaume le Pieux, duc d'Aquitaine". Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire. 85 (3): 577–607.
  • Schoolman, Edward M. (2022). "Representations of Lothar I in the Liber pontificalis Ravennatis" (PDF). In Gianmarco De Angelis; Francesco Veronese (eds.). Networks of Bishops, Networks of Texts: Manuscripts, Legal Cultures, Tools of Government in Carolingian Italy at the Time of Lothar I. Firenze University Press. pp. 111–129.
  • West, Charles (2023). The Fall of a Carolingian Kingdom: Lotharingia, 855-869. University of Toronto Press.
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