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Usvyaty, Usvyatsky District, Pskov Oblast

Coordinates: 55°44′55″N 30°45′20″E / 55.74861°N 30.75556°E / 55.74861; 30.75556
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Usvyaty
Усвяты
Work settlement[1]
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Interactive map of Usvyaty
Location of Usvyaty
Usvyaty (Pskov Oblast)
Coordinates: 55°44′55″N 30°45′20″E / 55.74861°N 30.75556°E / 55.74861; 30.75556
CountryRussia
Federal subjectPskov Oblast
Administrative districtUsvyatsky District[2]
Urban-type settlement status since1985[3]
Population
 (2010 Census)[4]
 • Total
2,961
 • Capital ofUsvyatsky District[2]
 • Municipal districtUsvyatsky Municipal District[1]
 • Urban settlementUsvyaty[1]
 • Capital ofUsvyatsky Municipal District, Usvyaty Urban Settlement[1]

Usvyaty (Russian: Усвяты) is an urban locality (a work settlement) and the administrative center of Usvyatsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located on the right bank of the Usvyacha River, between Lake Uzmen and Lake Usvyaty, two biggest lakes in the area. Municipally, it is incorporated as Usvyaty Urban Settlement, the only urban settlement in the district. Population: 2,961 (2010 census);[4] 3,148 (2002 census);[6] 3,638 (1989 Soviet census).[7]

History

The Lovat River was a part of the trade route from the Varangians to the Greeks, one of the oldest trading routes passing through Rus'. This branch of the route followed the Lovat upstream and then the Usvyacha and the Western Dvina. The area was populated since the Middle Ages, and Usvyaty (Vsvyach) was first mentioned in chronicles under 1021.[3] In the Late Middle Ages, it was an important fortress of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, since 1386 in the Polish–Lithuanian union.[8] In 1566, it was captured by Russia, but was recaptured by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1580.[8] In 1653, it was captured by Russia again, but was restored to the Poland-Lithuania by the Truce of Andrusovo in 1667.[8]

During the First Partition of Poland in 1772, it was annexed by Russia, and included into newly established Pskov Governorate, a giant administrative unit comprising what is currently Pskov Oblast and a considerable part of Belarus. After 1773, the area was split between Nevelsky and Velizhsky Uyezds of Pskov Governorate. In 1777, it was transferred to Polotsk Viceroyalty. In 1796, the viceroyalty was abolished and the area was transferred to Belarus Governorate; since 1802 to Vitebsk Governorate. Usvyaty was a center of Usvyatskaya Volost of Velizhsky Uyezd. In the late 19th century, three annual fairs and two weekly markets were held in the town.[8] After 1919, Vitebsk Governorate was a part of Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.[9] In 1924, Vitebsk Governorate was abolished, and Nevelsky and Velizhsky Uyezds were transferred to Pskov Governorate.

On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished, and Usvyatsky District was established, with the administrative center in Usvyaty. It included parts of former Nevelsky and Velizhsky Uyezds. Pskov Governorate was abolished as well, and the district became a part of Velikiye Luki Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. On June 17, 1929, Usvyatsky District was transferred to Western Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were also abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On September 27, 1937, Western Oblast was abolished, and the district was transferred to Smolensk Oblast. Between 1941 and 1944, Usvyaty was occupied by German troops. On August 22, 1944, the district was transferred to newly established Velikiye Luki Oblast. On October 2, 1957, Velikiye Luki Oblast was abolished, and Usvyatsky District was transferred to Pskov Oblast. On October 3, 1959 the district was abolished and merged into Nevelsky District. On December 30, 1966 it was re-established. On October 15, 1985 Usvyaty was granted urban-type settlement status.[10]

Economy

Industry

In Usvyaty, there are enterprises of timber and food industry. The latter include meat processing plants of Velikoluksky Myasokombinat.[11]

Transportation

The highway connecting Nevel with Smolensk via Usvyaty and Velizh bypasses Usvyaty. The whole stretch between Nevel and Velizh has been a toll road since 2002.[12] A road connects Usvyaty with Kunya. There are also local roads.

Culture and recreation

Usvyaty contains two objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance.[13] They are an archaeological site and a tomb of soldiers fallen in World War II.

Notable people

References

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Law #420-oz
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 58 258 551 006», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 58 258 551 006, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 История района (in русский). Портал муниципальных образований Псковской области. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  5. ↑ Law #833-oz
  6. ↑ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  7. ↑ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom XII (in polski). Warszawa. 1892. p. 849.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  9. ↑ Область (местность) (in русский). Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on March 31, 2014. Retrieved November 9, 2012.
  10. ↑ Герасимёнок, Т. Е.; Н. В. Коломыцева, И. С. Пожидаев, С. М. Фёдоров, К. И. Карпов (2002). Территориальное деление Псковской области (in русский). Pskov. ISBN 5-94542-031-X.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. ↑ Экономика (in русский). Портал муниципальных образований Псковской области. Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  12. ↑ Псковская обл. Платные дороги (in русский). АСМАП. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
  13. ↑ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in русский). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.

Sources

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