Protestantism by country
| Christianity by country |
|---|
The World Christian Database estimated a total of 637,856,000 Protestants and 426,370,000 Independents (mostly non-denominational Pentecostals who do not self-identify as Protestants), in early 2026.[1][2] Earlier estimates of Protestants worldwide are between 800 and 900 million,[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][a] among approximately 2.3 billion Christians.[12][13][14][b] In 2010, a total of more than 800 million included 300 million in Sub-Saharan Africa, 260 million in the Americas, 140 million in Asia-Pacific region, 100 million in Europe and 2 million in Middle East-North Africa.[5] Protestants account for nearly 35% of Christians worldwide and more than one tenth of the total human population.[5] Various estimates put the percentage of Protestants in relation to the total number of the world's Christians at 33%,[7] 36%,[15] 36.7%,[5] and 40%,[6] while in relation to the world's population at 11.6%[5] and 13%.[10]
Within Europe, Protestantism remains the most practiced religion in the Nordic countries and United Kingdom.[7][16] In other historical Protestant strongholds such as Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Latvia, Estonia and Hungary, it remains one of the practiced religions.[17] Although Czech Republic was the site of one of the most significant pre-reformation movements,[18] there are only few Protestant adherents[19][20]—mainly due to historical reasons like persecution of Protestants by the Catholic Habsburgs,[21] restrictions during the Communist rule and also the ongoing secularization.[18] Over the last several decades, Protestant practice has been declining as secularization has increased.[7][22] According to a 2019 study about religiosity in the European Union (EU) by Eurobarometer, Protestants made up only 9% of the EU population.[23] According to Pew Research Center, Protestants constituted nearly one fifth (or 17.8%) of the continent's Christian population in 2010.[5] Clarke and Beyer estimate that Protestants constituted 15% of all Europeans in 2009, while Noll claims that less than 12% of them lived in Europe in 2010.[7][9]
Changes in worldwide Protestantism over the last century have been significant.[6][9][24] Since 1900, Protestantism has spread rapidly in Africa, Asia and South America.[25][10][24] That caused Protestantism to be called a primarily non-Western religion.[9][24] Much of the growth has occurred after World War II, when decolonization of Africa and abolition of various restrictions against Protestants in Latin American countries occurred.[10] According to one source, Protestants constituted respectively 2.5% of South Americans, 2% of Africans and 0.5% of Asians in 1900.[10] In 2000, these percentages had increased to 17%, more than 27% and 5.5%, respectively.[10] According to Mark A. Noll, 79% of Anglicans lived in the United Kingdom in 1910, while most of the remainder were found in the United States and across the British Commonwealth.[9] By 2010, 59% of Anglicans were found in Africa.[9] China is home to the world's largest Protestant minority.[5][c]
Protestantism is growing in Africa,[25][26][27] Asia,[25][27][28] Latin America[27][29] while declining in North America[24][30][31][32] and Europe.[7][33] In France, Protestantism was eradicated after the abolition of the Edict of Nantes by the Edict of Fontainebleau and the following persecution of Huguenots.[34] However, "by 2050 it is expected that less than 9% of Protestants will be European" and "sometime around 2040 half of all Protestants will likely live in Africa."[35] The United States is home to approximately 20% of Protestants.[5] According to a 2019 study, Protestant share of U.S. population dropped to 43%, ending its historical status as religion of the majority.[36][37][38] The decline is attributed mainly to the dropping membership of the Mainline Protestant churches [37][39] while Evangelical Protestant and Black churches are relatively stable.[37][40][41]
In 2010, the largest Protestant denominational families were historically Pentecostal denominations (10.8%), Anglican (10.6%), Lutheran (9.7%), Baptist (9%), United and uniting churches (unions of different denominations) (7.2%), Presbyterian or Reformed (7%), Methodist (3.4%), Adventist (2.7%), Congregationalist (0.5%), Brethren (0.5%), The Salvation Army (0.3%) and Moravian (0.1%). Other denominations accounted for 38.2% of Protestants.[5]
By 2050, some project Protestantism to rise to slightly more than half of the world's total Christian population.[42][d] In 2004, Hans J. Hillerbrand asserted that "wider Protestant" and Catholic share of the global Christian population will almost be the same by 2050, with "wider Protestants" exhibiting a significantly higher growth rate.[43]
Methodology
For the purposes of this list, the following Christian branches are considered Protestant:
- Seventh-day Adventists
- Anabaptists (including Amish, Hutterites, Mennonites)
- Anglicans (including Episcopalians)
- Baptists
- Calvinists (or the Reformed tradition) (including Congregationalists, Presbyterians, Continental Reformed, Waldensians)
- Lutherans
- Methodists
- Pentecostals
- Other Protestants (including Hussites, Brethren, Free Evangelicals, Quakers, United, Holiness and others)
Evangelicals, Charismatics, Neo-charismatics and other revivalists are found virtually across every Protestant branch. Nondenominationals, various independents and Protestants from other denominations, not easily fitting in the traditional classification, are also taken into account.
Estimates of total Protestant population vary considerably. Most reliable sources claim a range of 800 million to more than 1 billion. Difficulties occur as there is no consensus among scholars which denominations should be considered Protestant.
Countries
This section needs more citations. (December 2019) |
According to some, Russia is another country to see Protestant growth.[44][45][46]
The seven regions considered in the following table are the six traditional ones (Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Oceania), plus Middle East (i.e., countries with Islamic majority from the Mediterranean to Iran).
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By region
The following are summary tables of the numbers and percentages of Protestants in each region. Also included are the percentages of Protestants in the world that reside in that region ("% of Protestant total").
| Region | Total Population | Protestants | % Protestant | % of Protestant total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Central Africa | 91,561,875 | 18,322,151 | 20.01% | 3.09% |
| East Africa | 225,488,566 | 36,965,728 | 16.39% | 6.23% |
| North Africa | 161,963,837 | 100,300 | 0.06% | 0.01% |
| Southern Africa | 137,092,019 | 55,432,677 | 40.44% | 9.35% |
| West Africa | 269,935,590 | 49,230,627 | 18.24% | 8.30% |
| Total | 886,041,887 | 160,051,482 | 18.06% | 26.99% |
| Region | Total Population | Protestants | % Protestant | % of Protestant total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Central Asia | 92,019,166 | 308,736 | 0.34% | 0.05% |
| East Asia | 1,527,960,261 | 25,550,708 | 1.67% | 4.31% |
| Middle East | 271,013,623 | 680,757 | 0.25% | 0.11% |
| South Asia | 1,437,326,682 | 9,458,283 | 0.66% | 1.59% |
| Southeast Asia | 571,337,070 | 26,387,155 | 4.62% | 4.45% |
| Total | 3,899,656,802 | 62,385,639 | 1.6% | 10.52% |
| Region | Total Population | Protestants | % Protestant | % of Protestant total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Central Europe | 82,033,047 | 7,803,177 | 9.51% | 1.32% |
| Eastern Europe | 209,198,166 | 1,389,452 | 0.66% | 0.23% |
| Northern Europe | 191,466,473 | 104,997,796 | 54.8% | 17.71% |
| Balkans | 65,407,609 | 1,713,080 | 2.62% | 0.31% |
| Southern Europe | 180,498,923 | 1,964,538 | 1.09% | 0.33% |
| Total | 728,604,218 | 117,868,043 | 16.2% | 19.90% |
| Region | Total Population | Protestants | % Protestant | % of Protestant total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caribbean | 37,285,819 | 5,912,490 | 15.86% | 0.99% |
| Central America | 147,338,108 | 16,376,631 | 11.12% | 2.76% |
| North America | 328,539,175 | 172,167,236 | 52.4% | 29.03% |
| South America | 371,075,531 | 44,682,767 | 12.04% | 7.53% |
| Total | 884,238,633 | 239,139,124 | 27.05% | 40.32% |
| Region | Total Population | Protestants | % Protestant | % of Protestant total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oceania | 30,809,781 | 13,474,012 | 43.73% | 2.27% |
Maps
Europe
World
See also
- Christianity by country
- Catholic Church by country
- Eastern Orthodoxy by country
- List of Christian denominations by number of members
- List of the largest Protestant denominations
- Oriental Orthodoxy by country
Other religions
- List of religious populations
- Buddhism by country
- Hinduism by country
- Islam by country
- Irreligion § Demographics
- Jewish population by country
- Bahá'í statistics
Notes
- ↑ Most current estimates place the world's Protestant population in the range of 800 million to more than 1 billion. For example, author Hans Hillerbrand estimated a total Protestant population of 833,457,000 in 2004,[11] while the World Christian Database estimated a total of 637,856,000 Protestants and 426,370,000 Independents (mostly non-denominational Pentecostals who do not self-identify as Protestants), in early 2026.[1]
- ↑ Current sources[which?] are in general agreement[citation needed] that Christians make up about 33% of the world's population—slightly over 2.4 billion adherents in mid-2015.
- ↑ Estimates for China vary in dozens of millions. Nevertheless, in comparison to the other countries, there is no disagreement that China has the most numerous Protestant minority.
- ↑ Protestant, Independent and Anglican parties are understood as Protestant as stated previously in the article, as well as in the book: Statistics for the P, I and A megablocs are often combined because they overlap so much-hence the order followed here.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Zurlo, Gina A.; Johnson, Todd M.; Crossing, Peter F. (2026). "Status of Global Christianity, 2026, in the Context of 1900 –2075" (PDF). www.worldchristiandatabase.org. Brill.
- ↑ "Independent Christianity". Gordon Conwell. 13 May 2020.
Independent Christians are defined as Christians who do not self-identify with the other major traditions: Orthodox, Protestant or Catholic. They are independent of historic, organized, institutionalized and denominationalist Christianity...Most Independent movements originating in Africa, Europe and Latin America are also Pentecostal/Charismatic in belief and practice.
- ↑ Kim, Hyun-Sook; Osmer, Richard R.; Schweitzer, Friedrich (2018). The Future of Protestant Religious Education in an Age of Globalization. Waxmann Verlag. p. 8. ISBN 978-3-8309-8876-2.
- ↑ Walsham, Alexandra; Cummings, Brian; Law, Ceri; Riley, Karis (4 June 2020). Remembering the Reformation. Routledge. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-429-61992-2.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 "Christian Traditions" (Web). Pew Research Center. 19 December 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Hillerbrand, Hans J. (2 August 2004). Encyclopedia of Protestantism. Routledge. ISBN 9781135960285. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Clarke, Peter B.; Beyer, Peter (7 May 2009). The World's Religions. ISBN 9781135211004. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ Brown, Stephen F.; Palmer, Martin (2009). Protestantism. ISBN 9781604131123. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 Noll, Mark A. (25 August 2011). Protestantism: A Very Short Introduction. ISBN 9780191620133. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 Jay Diamond, Larry. Plattner, Marc F. and Costopoulos, Philip J. World Religions and Democracy. 2005, page 119. link (saying "Not only do Protestants presently constitute 13 percent of the world's population—about 800 million people—but since 1900 Protestantism has spread rapidly in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.")
- ↑ Hillerbrand, Hans J. (2 August 2004). Encyclopedia of Protestantism: 4-volume Set. Routledge. ISBN 9781135960285 – via Google Books.
- ↑ 33.39% of 7.174 billion world population (as of 2014; under the section "People and Society") "World". CIA world facts. 19 October 2021. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021.
- ↑ "Major Religions Ranked by Size". Adherents.com. Archived from the original on 16 August 2000. Retrieved 5 May 2009.
- ↑ "Global Christianity". Pew Research Center. 19 December 2011. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
- ↑ "Protestant Demographics and Fragmentations". Archived from the original on 18 March 2015. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ "Religious Populations in England". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 8 April 2011.
- ↑ Thorpe, Edgar (2012). The Pearson General Knowledge Manual 2012. ISBN 9788131761908. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Protestantism in Bohemia and Moravia (Czech Republic) - Musée virtuel du Protestantisme". Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ "Tab 7.1 Population by religious belief and by municipality size groups" (PDF) (in čeština). Czso.cz. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 February 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
- ↑ "Tab 7.2 Population by religious belief and by regions" (PDF) (in čeština). Czso.cz. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
- ↑ Mastrini, Hana (16 June 2008). Frommer's Prague & the Best of the Czech Republic. ISBN 9780470293232. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ Lilla, Mark (31 March 2006). "Europe and the legend of secularization". The New York Times.
- ↑ "Discrimination in the EU in 2019", Special Eurobarometer, 493, European Union: European Commission, p. 230, 2019, retrieved 12 September 2020
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 Witte, John; Alexander, Frank S. (2007). The Teachings of Modern Protestantism on Law, Politics, and Human Nature. ISBN 9780231142632. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 Gordon Melton, J. (2005). Encyclopedia of Protestantism. ISBN 9780816069835. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ "Study: Christianity growth soars in Africa". USA Today. 20 December 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 Ostling, Richard N. (24 June 2001). "The Battle for Latin America's Soul". Time. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ "In China, Protestantism's Simplicity Yields More Converts Than Catholicism". International Business Times. 28 March 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ Arsenault, Chris (26 March 2012). "Evangelicals rise in Latin America". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ Trueman, Carl R. (20 March 2025). "Lessons from the Decline of Protestant Churches". First Things. Retrieved 16 December 2025.
- ↑ Diamant, Becka A. Alper, Patricia Tevington, Asta Kallo and Jeff (15 December 2025). "Why some Americans have left Protestantism, while others stay or join". Pew Research Center. Retrieved 16 December 2025.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Ryder, David Warren (1928). "The Decline of Protestantism". The North American Review. 226 (4): 416–419. ISSN 0029-2397.
- ↑ Halman, Loek; Riis, Ole (2003). Religion in a Secularizing Society. ISBN 9004126228. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ Sengers, Erik; Sunier, Thijl (2010). Religious Newcomers and the Nation State. ISBN 9789059723986. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ Dr.Todd M.Johnson, "Protestans Around the World," World Christian Encyclopedia Edinburgh University Press, 3rd edition, 2019.
- ↑ "In US, Decline of Christianity Continues at Rapid Pace," Pew Research Center, 17 October 2019
- ↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 ""Nones" on the Rise: One-in-Five Adults Have No Religious Affiliation" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
- ↑ "BBC News - US Protestants no longer a majority - study". BBC News. 10 October 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ "Mainline Churches: The Real Reason for Decline". Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ Fahmy, Gregory A. Smith, Alan Cooperman, Becka A. Alper, Besheer Mohamed, Chip Rotolo, Patricia Tevington, Justin Nortey, Asta Kallo, Jeff Diamant and Dalia (26 February 2025). "Decline of Christianity in the U.S. Has Slowed, May Have Leveled Off". Pew Research Center. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Jeffrey M. Jones (17 April 2025). "Religious Preferences Largely Stable in U.S. Since 2020". Gallup. Retrieved 25 August 2025.
- ↑ Johnstone, Patrick (17 January 2014). The Future of the Global Church: History, Trends and Possibilities. InterVarsity Press. pp. 100–101. ISBN 978-0-8308-5695-4.
Fig 4.10 & Fig 4.11 in page 100
- ↑ Hillerbrand, Hans J. (2 August 2004). Encyclopedia of Protestantism: 4-volume set. Routledge. p. 3242. ISBN 978-1-135-96027-8.
Observers carefully comparing all these figures in the total context will have observed the even more startling finding that for the first time ever in the history of Protestantism, Wider Protestants will by 2050 have become almost exactly as numerous as Roman Catholics - each with just over 1.5 billion followers, or 17 percent of the world, with Protestants growing considerably faster than Catholics each year.
- ↑ "Moscow Church Spearheads Russia Revival". Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ "Protestantism in Postsoviet Russia: An Unacknowledged Triumph" (PDF).
- ↑ Felix Corley and Geraldine Fagan. "Growing Protestants, Catholics Draw Ire". ChristianityToday.com. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ Creencias, valores y actitudes en la sociedad Argentina, conicet.gov.ar, 29 January 2020 (Spanish)
- ↑ 2016 Census of Population and General Community (Sheet G14) Australian Bureau of Statistics
- ↑ "Zahlen & Fakten". Evang.at. 16 February 2018. Retrieved 31 August 2018.
- ↑ Bahamas Census 2010
- ↑ 51.0 51.1 "Religion in Latin America". Pew Forum. 13 November 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
- ↑ Religion affiliation in Bolivia as of 2018. Based on Latinobarómetro. Survey period: 15 June to 2 August 2018, 1,200 respondents.
- ↑ "El Papa Francisco y la Religión en Chile y América Latina" Latinobarómetro 1995-2017, Enero 2018
- ↑ "Censo 2022: católicos seguem em queda; evangélicos e sem religião crescem no país". IBGE. Retrieved 6 June 2025.
- ↑ "Avanço evangélico perde força e outros 7 dados inéditos sobre religião no Censo 2022". BBC. Retrieved 6 June 2025.
- ↑ "Avanço evangélico perde força e outros 7 dados inéditos sobre religião no Censo 2022". BBC. Retrieved 6 June 2025.
- ↑ "Profile Table, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
- ↑ "中国到底有多少基督徒？——基于中国家庭追踪调查的估计" (PDF). 察网. 28 January 2019. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
- ↑ 59.0 59.1 59.2 "The Size and Distribution of the World's Christian Population". Pew Research Center. 19 December 2011.
- ↑ Klepeis, Alicia Z. (2019). Costa Rica. Bellwether Media. ISBN 9781618915887.
- ↑ Central Intelligence Agency (2019). The CIA World Factbook 2019-2020. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781510750470.
- ↑ "Costa Rica". The World Factbook-16%. 19 October 2021. Archived from the original on 11 January 2021.
- ↑ Murillo, Alvaro (6 March 2018). "Ahora solo la mitad de los ticos se declara católica". Semanario Universidad. Retrieved 2 January 2019.
- ↑ CIA Factbook, 2015
- ↑ "Timor-Leste: Demographic and Health Survey, 2016" (PDF). General Directorate of Statistics, Ministry of Planning and Finance & Ministry of Health. p. 35. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
- ↑ "Nationality, Citizenship, and Religion". Government of Timor-Leste. 25 October 2015. Archived from the original on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
- ↑ "Latinobarómetro 1995 - 2017: El Papa Francisco y la Religión en Chile y América Latina" (PDF) (in español). January 2018. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
- ↑ Latinobarometro Retrieved 8 February 2018
- ↑ 2021 Census: Population by religion Statistics Estonia
- ↑ Belonging to a religious community by age and sex, 2000-2024 Statistics Finland
- ↑ CIA World Factbook
- ↑ "Gezählt 2021 - Zahlen und Fakten zum kirchlichen Leben" (PDF). ekd.de. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
- ↑ "Populations by religious organizations 1998-2025". Reykjavík, Iceland: Statistics Iceland. Retrieved 16 November 2025.
- ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950–2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ↑ Hackett, Conrad (December 2011). "Global Christianity A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Christian Population" (PDF). Pew–Templeton global religious futures project. pp. 19, 27, 57, 60, 75, 83, 90, 119. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
Estimated 2010 Christian Population 31,850,000 (pages 19, 60, 75) Protestant 18,860,000
- ↑ "Statistik Umat Menurut Agama di Indonesia" (in Bahasa Indonesia). Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia. 15 May 2018. Archived from the original on 3 September 2020. Retrieved 15 November 2020.
Muslim 231.069.932 (86.7), Christian 20.246.267 (7.6), Catholic 8.325.339 (3.12), Hindu 4.646.357 (1.74), Buddhist 2.062.150 (0.77), Confucianism 117091 (0.03), Other 299617 (0.13), Not Stated 139582 (0.06), Not Asked 757118 (0.32), Total 237641326
- ↑ Census 2016 Summary Results April 2017, Central Statistics Office, Ireland
- ↑ [1] retrieved 10 December 2022
- ↑ Latinobarometro retrieved 8 February 2018
- ↑ "2018 Census totals by topic – national highlights | Stats NZ". www.stats.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 23 September 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
- ↑ "Table: Christian Population in Numbers by Country". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 19 December 2011. Retrieved 16 November 2014.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ↑ Church of Norway Statistics Norway
- ↑ Members of Christian communities outside the Church of Norway Statistics Norway
- ↑ "East Asia/Southeast Asia :: Philippines — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. 25 October 2021. Archived from the original on 5 January 2021.
- ↑ Statistik, Bundesamt für. "Religionen". www.bfs.admin.ch (in Deutsch). Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- ↑ "Tanzania". 26 October 2021. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021.
- ↑ Gavin Drake, "Survey reveals falling numbers," http://www.churchtimes.co.uk/articles2014/20-june/news/uk/survey-reveals-falling-numb...6/25/2014
- ↑ US Census Bureau, Dec. 31, 2024, pio@census.gov.
- ↑ "America's Changing Religious Landscape". Pew Research Center: Religion & Public Life. 12 May 2015.
- ↑ "Protestants decline, more have no religion in a sharply shifting religious landscape (POLL)". ABC News.
- ↑ "In US, Decline of Christianity Continues at Rapid Pace, Pew Research Center, 17 October 2019.
- ↑ Jeff Diamant, "Faith on the Hill: The religious composition of the 119th Congress," Pew Research Center, Jan. 2, 2025.
- ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Religion in Venezuela (see pag 41-42)
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