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List of European countries by population

From Tilcayo Cats, the lean encyclopaedia by Tilcayo Knowledge Systems

This list of European countries by population, comprises the 51 countries and 5 territories, and dependencies in Europe broadly defined, thus including Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Turkey, and the countries of the Caucasus, even though parts or all of those could technically located in Asia.

The table below comprises the entire population of each country. For instance, the most populous European country is Russia, with a population of over 110 million in its European part (144 million overall).

Turkey, with a population of about 85 million, has most of its population living within its Asian part; though within its territory in Europe, some one-tenth of its population is situated.[1] Excluding Turkey, Germany is the second-most populous country on the continent, with a population of about 84 million.

Kazakhstan is also a transcontinental country with a small part of it (west of the Ural river) located in Europe.

Table

The ranking here is according to the national figures, which may be estimates or somewhat out of date so the ranking of countries that are very close in population is approximate. The United Nations estimates are those published in the UN's World Population Prospects,[2] which are based on censuses, population registers, surveys, and other statistics.[3] This list also includes the partially recognised country of Kosovo.

Location UN estimate
(2025) 		%
change 		Official
figure 		Official
date 		Notes
 Europe 744,398,832 N/A
 1 T File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia 143,997,393 −0.6% 146,150,789 1 Jan 2024[4] [a]
 2 T File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey 87,685,426 0.3% 85,664,944 31 Dec 2024[5]
 3 File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany 84,075,074 −0.6% 83,510,950 30 Jun 2024[6]
 4 File:Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg United Kingdom 69,551,332 0.6% 68,265,209 30 Jun 2023[7] [b]
 5 T File:Flag of France.svg France 66,650,804 0.2% 69,082,000 1 Jan 2026 [c][8]
 6 T File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy 59,146,260 −0.3% 58,974,433 31 Jul 2024[9]
 7 T File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain 47,889,958 0% 49,801,559 6 Aug 2026[10]
 8 File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine 38,980,377 −0.3% 41,130,432 1 Feb 2022[11] [d]
 9 File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland 37,332,000 −1.0% 37,552,000 31 Jul 2024[12]
10 T File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan 20,843,754 1.2% 20,201,849 1 Sep 2024[13]
11 File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania 18,908,650 −0.6% 19,064,409 1 Jan 2024[14]
12 T File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands 18,346,819 0.6% 18,005,142 31 Aug 2024[15]
13 File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium 11,758,603 0.2% 11,763,650 1 Jan 2024[16]
14 File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden 10,656,633 0.5% 10,576,145 31 Aug 2024[17]
15 File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic 10,609,240 −1.2% 10,909,500 1 Jan 2025[18]
16 T File:Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal 10,411,834 −0.1% 11,424,031 31 Dec 2025[19]
17 T File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan 10,397,713 0.6% 10,180,800 1 Jan 2024[20]
18 T File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 9,938,844 −1.1% 10,248,505 10 Oct 2024[21]
19 File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary 9,632,287 −0.5% 9,584,627 1 Jan 2024[22]
20 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria 9,113,574 −0.1% 9,154,514 1 Oct 2023[23]
21 File:Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus 8,997,603 −0.7% 9,155,978 1 Jan 2024[24]
22 File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland 8,967,408 0.5% 8,931,306 30 Sep 2023[25]
23 File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria 6,714,560 −0.6% 6,447,710 31 Dec 2022[26]
24 File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia 6,689,039 −0.7% 6,641,197 1 Jan 2023[27] [e]
25 T File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark 6,002,507 0.4% 5,959,464 1 Oct 2023[28]
26 File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland 5,623,330 0.1% 5,599,869 31 Oct 2023[29]
27 T File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway 5,618,354 0.8% 5,571,634 1 Oct 2025[30]
28 File:Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia 5,474,881 −0.6% 5,426,248 1 Apr 2023[31]
29 File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland 5,308,039 1.0% 5,149,139 3 Apr 2022[32]
30 File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia 3,848,160 −0.7% 3,879,074 31 Dec 2021[33]
31 T File:Flag of Georgia.svg Georgia 3,806,671 0% 3,688,600 1 Jan 2022[34] [f]
32 File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg Bosnia and Herzegovina 3,140,096 −0.8% 3,219,415 15 Jun 2020[35]
33 File:Flag of Moldova.svg Moldova 2,996,106 −1.3% 2,423,300 1 Jan 2024[36]
34 C File:Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia 2,952,364 −0.7% 3,075,800 1 Jan 2024[37]
35 File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania 2,830,144 −1.0% 2,889,888 1 Jan 2025[38]
36 File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania 2,771,508 −0.7% 2,793,592 1 Jan 2022[39]
37 File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia 2,117,072 −0.1% 2,107,180 1 Jan 2022[40]
38 File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia 1,853,559 −1.0% 1,862,700 1 May 2024[41]
39 File:Flag of North Macedonia.svg North Macedonia 1,813,791 −0.5% 1,836,713 15 Dec 2024[42]
40 File:Flag of Kosovo.svg Kosovo 1,674,125 −0.6% 1,602,515 Apr 2024[43]
41 C File:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus 1,370,754 0.9% 966,400 31 Dec 2023[44] [g]
42 File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia 1,344,232 −1.2% 1,369,285 1 Jan 2025[45]
43 File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg 680,454 1.1% 645,397 1 Jan 2024[46]
44 File:Flag of Montenegro.svg Montenegro 632,729 −0.9% 617,683 1 Jan 2022[47]
45 File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta 545,405 1.1% 520,971 31 Dec 2021[48]
46 File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland 398,266 1.2% 396,960 30 Sep 2023[49]
File:Flag of Jersey.svg Jersey (United Kingdom) 103,988 0.1% 103,267 21 Mar 2021[50]
File:Flag of the Isle of Man.svg Isle of Man (United Kingdom) 84,118 0.2% 84,975 Q1 2025[51]
47 File:Flag of Andorra.svg Andorra 82,904 1.2% 80,120 1 May 2022[52]
File:Flag of Guernsey.svg Guernsey (United Kingdom) 64,476 0.3% 67,642 1 Jul 2023[53] [h]
File:Flag of the Faroe Islands.svg Faroe Islands (Denmark) 56,002 1.1% 55,177 1 Mar 2026[57]
48 File:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg Liechtenstein 40,128 0.6% 40,900 31 Dec 2024[58]
File:Flag of Gibraltar.svg Gibraltar (United Kingdom) 40,126 2.0% 34,003 26 Jun 2022[59]
49 File:Flag of Monaco.svg Monaco 38,341 −0.8% 39,150 31 Dec 2021[60]
50 File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino 33,572 0% 33,785 30 Sep 2022[61]
51 File:Flag of Vatican City (2023–present).svg Vatican City - - 764 26 Jun 2023[62] [i]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Includes the disputed territories of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol, but does not include further disputed territories annexed in 2022.
  2. ↑ Includes the constituent countries of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Excludes the 14 Overseas Territories and 3 Crown Dependencies. Gibraltar, Jersey, the Isle of Man, and Guernsey shown separately below.
  3. ↑ Yearly national estimate. Including the integral 18 regions of France (including five overseas regions). Excluding France's five overseas collectivities: French Polynesia, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, and Wallis and Futuna, and the sui generis collectivity of New Caledonia, which are shown separately. Clipperton Island (an uninhabited state private property of France) and the French Southern and Antarctic Lands (including several uninhabited islands and an Antarctic territorial claim hosting only government officials and research station staff) are not listed at all due to a lack of permanent population.
  4. ↑ Excludes the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and City of Sevastopol, Ukraine's administrative areas on the Crimean Peninsula which are disputed with and de facto administered by Russia. However, includes the entire population of territory in the Donbas region where there are ongoing insurgencies by separatist forces, and does not include any changes due to the Russian invasion in 2022.
  5. ↑ Excludes Kosovo.
  6. ↑ Excludes Abkhazia (242,862, census 2011) and South Ossetia (53,559, census 2015).
  7. ↑ National data only includes the Government-controlled area of Cyprus
  8. ↑ The Bailiwick of Guernsey comprises Guernsey proper (64,037),[54] Alderney (2,141)[55] and Sark (562).[56] The UN estimate of 63,544 may exclude the smaller islands.
  9. ↑ UN estimate not available. Official figure notes 764 residents regardless of citizenship, 618 citizens regardless of residence, 246 resident citizens.[62]

References

  1. ↑ Zdanowski, Jerzy (2014). Middle Eastern Societies in the 20th Century. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 11. ISBN 978-1443869591.
  2. ↑ "World Population Prospects, 2024 Revision". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, Population Estimates and Projections Section. 11 July 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2025.
  3. ↑ "World Population Prospects". United Nations Population Division. Archived from the original on 26 March 2024. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
  4. ↑ National annual estimate "Federal State Statistics Service". Federal State Statistics Service.
  5. ↑ National annual estimate "The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2024". www.tuik.gov.tr.
  6. ↑ National quarterly estimate "Bevölkerung nach Nationalität und Geschlecht (Quartalszahlen)". www.destatis.de.
  7. ↑ National annual estimate "Population estimates for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland: mid-2022". www.ons.gov.uk.
  8. ↑ "Estimation de la population au 1ᵉʳ janvier 2026". www.insee.fr. INSEE. Retrieved 2 February 2026.
  9. ↑ National monthly estimate "Bilancio demografico anno 2024 Italia". demo.istat.it.
  10. ↑ National monthly estimate "Estadística Continua de Población (ECP). 1 de julio de 2026. Datos provisionales | 6 de agosto de 2026" [Continuous Population Statistics (CPS). 6th August 2026. Provisional data]. ine.es (in español). Retrieved 8 August 2026.
  11. ↑ National monthly estimate "Population of Ukraine". database.ukrcensus.gov.ua. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
  12. ↑ National monthly estimate "Basic data". stat.gov.pl.
  13. ↑ National monthly estimate "stat.gov.kz". stat.gov.kz.
  14. ↑ 2024 census result "Data" (PDF). www.insse.ro.
  15. ↑ National monthly estimate "Population dynamics; month and year". opendata.cbs.nl.
  16. ↑ National estimate "Structure of the Population". www.ibz.rrn.fgov.be.
  17. ↑ National monthly estimate "Population statistics 2024". www.scb.se.
  18. ↑ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2025". Czech Statistical Office. 16 May 2025.
  19. ↑ National annual estimate "População residente atinge 11,4 milhões - 2025". ine.pt. INE. 22 June 2026. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  20. ↑ National estimate "Demographic situation in Azerbaijan". www.stat.gov.az. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
  21. ↑ 2022 census result "Census Results 2022" (PDF). www.statistics.gr.
  22. ↑ National annual estimate "Hungarian Central Statistical Office". www.ksh.hu.
  23. ↑ Quarterly provisional figure "Bevölkerung zu Jahres-/Quartalsanfang". www.statistik.at.
  24. ↑ National quarterly estimate "National Statistical portal of the Republic of Belarus". www.belstat.gov.by. Archived from the original on 1 November 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
  25. ↑ National provisional figure "Bevölkerungsstand am Ende des 3. Quartals 2023". www.bfs.admin.ch. 5 December 2023.
  26. ↑ National estimate "Population and Demographic Processes in 2022 | National statistical institute". www.nsi.bg.
  27. ↑ National annual estimate "Home | Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia". www.stat.gov.rs.
  28. ↑ National monthly estimate "Population in Denmark". www.dst.dk.
  29. ↑ National monthly estimate "Preliminary population statistics". www.stat.fi. 23 September 2025.
  30. ↑ National quarterly estimate "Population". ssb.no.
  31. ↑ National monthly estimate "Statistical office of the Slovak Republic". slovak.statistics.sk.
  32. ↑ 2022 census result "Census of Population 2022 - Summary Results". www.cso.ie. 30 May 2023.
  33. ↑ National estimate "Data". www.dzs.gov.hr.
  34. ↑ National annual estimate "საქართველოს სტატისტიკის ეროვნული სამსახური". www.geostat.ge.
  35. ↑ National estimate "Data" (PDF). www.bhas.ba. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
  36. ↑ National estimate "// Noutăţi". statistica.gov.md. Biroul Naţional de Statistică. 10 June 2024.
  37. ↑ National annual estimate "Time series / Statistical Committee of the Republic of Armenia".
  38. ↑ National monthly estimate "Pradžia - Oficialiosios statistikos portalas". osp.stat.gov.lt.
  39. ↑ National annual estimate "Population of Albania" (PDF). www.instat.gov.al.
  40. ↑ National estimate "SURS". www.stat.si.
  41. ↑ National estimate "Population number, its changes and density". stat.gov.lv.
  42. ↑ National estimate "State Statistical Office of the Republic of Macedonia". www.stat.gov.mk.
  43. ↑ 2024 census result "Population by age, sex and municipality, 2024". ask.rks-gov.net.
  44. ↑ National annual estimate "End of the Year De Jure Population by Age and Sex, Annual". cystat.gov.cy.
  45. ↑ National annual estimate "Avaleht Statistikaamet". www.stat.ee/et.
  46. ↑ National annual estimate "Statistics Portal - Luxembourg". statistiques.public.lu.
  47. ↑ National estimate "Statistical Office of Montenegro - MONSTAT". www.monstat.org. Archived from the original on 27 December 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
  48. ↑ National annual estimate "Economic and Financial Data For Malta". nso.gov.mt. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  49. ↑ National quarterly estimate "The population increased by 2,760 in the third quarter of 2023". Retrieved 7 December 2023.
  50. ↑ National estimate "Population estimate" (PDF). www.gov.je. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
  51. ↑ "Isle of Man Population Report 2025" (PDF). www.gov.im. Retrieved 20 January 2026.
  52. ↑ National estimate "Departament d'Estadística". www.estadistica.ad.
  53. ↑ CIA estimate "Guernsey". cia.gov. Archived from the original on 12 January 2021. Retrieved 14 January 2023.
  54. ↑ "Electronic Census; Latest Population, Employment and Earnings". gov.gg. 1 September 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  55. ↑ "Facts & Figures". alderney.gov.gg. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  56. ↑ "Sark census puts population at 562". bbc.com. 15 September 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  57. ↑ National monthly estimate "Population". hagstova.fo.
  58. ↑ National semi-annual estimate "Bevölkerungsstatistik". www.llv.li.
  59. ↑ National estimate "Key indicators". www.gibraltar.gov.gi.
  60. ↑ National annual estimate "Population and employment / IMSEE - Monaco IMSEE" (PDF). www.monacostatistics.mc. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 April 2024. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  61. ↑ National monthly estimate "San Marino - Population - Upeceds" (PDF). www.statistica.sm.
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 Official figure"Population". www.vaticanstate.va. Vatican City State. 26 June 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
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